Summit Aims to Boost Black Infant Survival Odds

ST. PAUL — Even after 15 years, Ruth Richardson still remembers a prenatal visit to the doctor that left her outraged. It was her second pregnancy, and a white physician made a startling assumption about her.

“He looked at my arm and asked me, ‘How long have you been an IV drug user?'” she recalled. “That caught me a little off guard, and he said, ‘Well, you have track marks on your arm.'”

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